He was born in the Shankill Road area of Belfast. Although Mr Lynch was from a different tradition, he had "welcomed his friendship," and he recalled the conversations they had about peace in Ireland. In incidents carried out within days of each other in June 1966, Mr Spences gang killed two Catholic men, plus a Protestant pensioner who was murdered in a failed attempt to burn a neighbouring Catholic-owned bar. [140][141], In contrast to the IRA, overseas support for loyalist paramilitaries including the UVF has been limited. In 2007, he announced that the UVF and an associated group, the Red Hand Commando, would cease to exist in their previous form. Get in touch with us now to get the service you need. [123][124], The strength of the UVF is uncertain. Wright is believed to have dealt mainly in Ecstasy tablets in the early 90s. The feud with the UDA ended in December following seven deaths. As a PUP representative he took a principal role in delivering the loyalist ceasefires of 1994. [2], In August 2000, Spence was caught up in moves by Johnny Adair's "C" Company of the UDA to take control of the Shankill by forcing out the UVF and other opponents. It claimed the pubs were used for republican fundraising. [129] Another estimates that over a 30-year period women accounted for, at most, just 2% of UVF membership. [60], In the 1980s, the UVF was greatly reduced by a series of police informers. Photograph: Peter Morrison/AP. [21] This occurred despite Spence having been officially expelled from the Orange Order following his conviction. The incumbent Chief of Staff, is alleged to be John "Bunter" Graham, referred to by Martin Dillon as "Mr. RT 2023. During its 12 July 1967 march, the Orange lodge to which he belonged stopped outside the prison in tribute to him. Henry McDonald. It comprises high-ranking officers under a Chief of Staff or Brigadier-General. When the Assets Recovery Agency won a High Court order to seize luxury homes belonging to ex-policeman Colin Robert Armstrong and his partner Geraldine Mallon in 2005, Alan McQuillan said "We have further alleged Armstrong has had links with the UVF and then the LVF following the split between those organisations." Fifteen Catholic civilians were killed and seventeen wounded. In 1971, these ramped up their activity against the British Army and RUC. The gunmen shot dead six people and injured five. It was during his time in the Maze prison that Spence began to talk politics and encouraged others to do the same. Others who attended included Jeanette Irvine, the widow of the former PUP Assembly member, David Ervine, Dawn Purvis, the former PUP Assembly member who resigned from the party over the UVF's activities and the former Assembly member and former Human Rights Commissioner, Monica Mc Williams. He added: "He formed a relationship with Cardinal O'Fiach and that was in some of our ways of thinking in those days a big step because the Catholic church in particular were the enemy. She said: "Some people have said that in his later life, he changed to become committed to peace. Entdecke Gareth Mulvenna - Mein Leben in Loyalitt - Neues Taschenbuch - C245A in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! The UVF's last major attack was the 1994 Loughinisland massacre, in which its members shot dead six Catholic civilians in a rural pub. Almost 10 years later in October 1994, he was chosen to announce to the world that the main loyalist paramilitary groups, the UVF and the UDA, were declaring ceasefires in response to an IRA cessation. The funeral of 78-year-old Gusty Spence, the former leader of the UVF paramilitary organisation, has taken place in Belfast. The gang comprised, in addition to the UVF, rogue elements of the UDR, RUC, SPG, and the regular Army, all acting allegedly under the direction of the British Intelligence Corps and/or RUC Special Branch. [19] On 26 June, the same gang shot dead Catholic civilian Peter Ward (18) and wounded two others as they left a pub on Malvern Street in the lower Shankill. [128] Information regarding the role of women in the UVF is limited. Eight people were shot dead and hundreds were injured. Home; About; Testimonials; Contact; Select Page. [91], In July 2011, a UVF flag flying in Limavady was deemed legal by the PSNI after the police had received complaints about the flag from nationalist politicians. It would attack the Republic again in May 1974, during the two-week Ulster Workers' Council strike. "The Dublin and Monaghan bombings: Cover-up and incompetence". Along with the UDA, it helped to enforce the strike by blocking roads, intimidating workers, and shutting any businesses that opened. "On behalf of Sinn Fein I would wish to extend my condolences to his family at this time.". "[23] It was led by Gusty Spence, formerly a soldier in the British Army. [20], In October 1966, Spence was sentenced to life imprisonment for the murder of Ward, although Spence has always claimed he was innocent. Former Ulster Volunteer Force leader Gusty Spence has died aged 78. ", "Ulster Volunteer Force is no longer on ceasefire, police warn", "Gary Haggarty: Ex-senior loyalist pleads guilty to 200 terror charges", "Police seize drugs and arrest 11 during raids on east Belfast UVF", "Nine men charged after east Belfast UVF police raids", "Brexit: loyalist paramilitary groups renounce Good Friday agreement", "NI riots: What is behind the violence in Northern Ireland? Correspondence includes Spence's correspondence with leaders and imprisoned members of the Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) and letters concerning his imprisonment originally . Call now: (562) 579-5980. [citation needed] The feud between the UVF and the LVF erupted again in the summer of 2005. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Video, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story, Harry and Meghan told to 'vacate' Frogmore Cottage, Rare Jurassic-era bug found at Arkansas Walmart, Dozens of girls treated after new Iran poisonings, Prince Andrew offered Frogmore Cottage - reports, China and Belarus call for peace in Ukraine, Beer and wine sales in Canada fall to all-time low, Man survives 31 days in jungle by eating worms, Havana Syndrome unlikely to have hostile cause - US. [21] Two days later, the Government of Northern Ireland declared the UVF illegal. During this time he restructured the organisation into brigades, battalions, companies, platoons and sections. Hanna and Jackson have both been implicated by journalist Joe Tiernan and RUC Special Patrol Group (SPG) officer John Weir as having led one of the units that bombed Dublin. Is UVFs Beast in the East behind new wave of riots? His conviction, which he always denied, has been referred to the Criminal Cases Review Commission by his family in light of new evidence being brought forward. In keeping with his wishes, there will be no UVF trappings and his coffin will be draped in the regimental flag of the Royal Ulster Rifles in which he served. DeSantis won't say he's running. He was jailed for life for the murder of a Catholic barman in 1966 and served 18 years in prison. [54] The number of killings in Northern Ireland had decreased from around 300 per year between 1973 and 1976 to just under 100 in the years 19771981. [74], On 3 May 2007, following recent negotiations between the Progressive Unionist Party (PUP) and Irish Taoiseach Bertie Ahern and with Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) Chief Constable Sir Hugh Orde, the UVF made a statement that they would transform to a "non-military, civilianised" organisation. "[154], According to Alan McQuillan, the assistant director of the Assets Recovery Agency in 2005, "In the loyalist community, drug dealing is run by the paramilitaries and it is generally run for personal gain by a large number of people." "[18], In November 2013, after a series of shootings and acts of intimidation by the UVF, Police Federation Chairman Terry Spence declared that the UVF ceasefire was no longer active. "[140], Protestants in Canada also supported the loyalist paramilitaries in the conflict. [5] The family home was 66 Joseph Street in an area of the lower Shankill known colloquially as "the Hammer". [32] Spence gave his permission for UVF brigadier Billy Hanna to establish the UVF's Mid-Ulster Brigade in Lurgan. [118] In the late summer and autumn of 1973, the UVF detonated more bombs than the UDA and IRA combined,[119] and by the time of the group's temporary ceasefire in late November it had been responsible for over 200 explosions that year. It was the deadliest attack of the Troubles. RT is not responsible for the content of external internet sites. [125] Members were disciplined after they carried out an unsanctioned theft of 8 million of paintings from an estate in Co Wicklow in April 1974. Brian Ervine said: "His contribution to the peace is incalculable and without him, probably the paramilitaries would still be at war. Eleven years ago he was forced out of his home on the Shankill Road by Johnny Adair's gang during one of the many loyalist paramilitary feuds. Until recent years,[12] it was noted for secrecy and a policy of limited, selective membership. [64] Republicans responded to the attacks by assassinating senior UVF members John Bingham, William "Frenchie" Marchant and Trevor King[65] as well as Leslie Dallas, whose purported UVF membership was disputed both by his family and the UVF. Ms Purvis encouraged young loyalists at the funeral to read the political doctrines encouraged by Mr Spence. Leading public figures were among the mourners, including former senior civil servant Maurice Hayes, former head of the Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission Monica McWilliams, and trade unionist Peter Bunting. In 1972, the UVF's imprisoned leader Gusty Spence was at liberty for four months following a staged kidnapping by UVF volunteers. [11] Whenever it claimed responsibility for its attacks, the UVF usually claimed that those targeted were IRA members or were giving help to the IRA. [46] A few days after the announcement, Spence made a trip to the United States along with the PUP's David Ervine and Billy Hutchinson and the UDP's McMichael, Adams and Joe English. None the less, they ransacked the house and stole Spence's army medals, while the Spence family were forced to stay off the Shankill for the entirety of the loyalist feud. [49] A political wing was formed in June 1974, the Volunteer Political Party led by UVF Chief of Staff Ken Gibson, which contested West Belfast in the October 1974 general election, polling 2,690 votes (6%). [126] Later, in September 1972, Gusty Spence said in an interview that the organisation had a strength of 1,500. "He was really a role model for many young men who would follow.". The latter had formally asked Spence for his daughter's hand in marriage during a prison visit. In 1990, the UVF joined the Combined Loyalist Military Command (CLMC) and indicated its acceptance of moves towards peace. [103], On 25 March 2022, the UVF was blamed[by whom?] [4] He married Isabella "Bella" Hayes, Gusty Spence's mother, in 1919. The vast majority (more than two-thirds)[9][10] of its victims were Irish Catholic civilians, who were often killed at random. These attacks were stepped up in the late 1980s and early 1990s, particularly in the east Tyrone and north Armagh areas. [47] Beginning in 1975, recruitment to the UVF, which until then had been solely by invitation, was now left to the discretion of local units.[48]. Hundreds of mourners have attended the funeral of the former loyalist leader Gusty Spence. [108], The UVF's stated goal was to combat Irish republicanism particularly the Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) and maintain Northern Ireland's status as part of the United Kingdom. The chip shop has since been closed down. Paisley had intimated that Kilfedder, a rival for the leadership of dissident unionism, was close to Fine Gael after learning that he had attended party meetings while a student at Trinity College Dublin. [157] It was around this time that Sunday World journalists Martin O'Hagan and Jim Campbell coined the term "rat pack" for the UVF's murderous mid-Ulster unit and, unable to identify Wright by name for legal reasons, they christened him "King Rat." Find the perfect gusty spence funeral stock photo, image, vector, illustration or 360 image. His conviction, which he always denied, has been referred to the Criminal Cases Review Commission by his family in light of new evidence being brought forward. F". [32][33] There were further attacks in the Republic between October and December 1969. Bates, employed as a barman at the Long Bar, was recruited into the Shankill Butchers gang in 1975 by its notorious ringleader, Lenny Murphy. Donoghue noted the links between Orange Lodges in Scotland and loyalist paramilitary groups in Northern Ireland and that membership of the Orange Order in Scotland at the time was 80,000, and was concentrated in Glasgow, Lanarkshire and Inverness. In the 1960s, he founded the modern Ulster Volunteer Force, an organisation which was responsible for hundreds of sectarian murders during the Troubles. The coffin, covered with the flag of the Ulster Rifles and his beret, of former UVF leader Gusty Spence passes a UVF mural along the Shankill Road in Belfast after his funeral at St Michael's Church. Augustus Gusty Spence (78), was convicted for a sectarian murder in 1966 and was a figurehead of the paramilitary Ulster Volunteer Force (UVF) which killed hundreds of people when the full violence of the Troubles began three years later. It set up a paramilitary-style wing called the Ulster Protestant Volunteers (UPV). [101], In April 2021, riots erupted across Loyalist communities in Northern Ireland.[relevant? [106][107] This uniform, based on those of the original UVF, was introduced in the early 1970s. Two UVF men were accidentally blown up in this attack. While republicans were the expressed target, the attacks that followed were explicitly sectarian. Some of them left much of Belfast without power and water. [68], According to journalist and author Ed Moloney, the UVF campaign in Mid-Ulster in this period "indisputably shattered Republican morale", and put the leadership of the republican movement under intense pressure to "do something",[69] although this has been disputed by others.[who?]. Gusty Spence was a significant figure in loyalist Belfast for most of his life. It would continue these tactics for the rest of its campaign. [9] Spence served until 1961 when ill-health forced him to leave. Bistir na Seanchille. [22] Spence's involvement in the killings gave him legendary status among many young loyalists and he was claimed as an inspiration by the likes of Michael Stone. He added: "I think it helped to set some of the tone to bring us to where we are now.". That year, a string of tit-for-tat pub bombings began in Belfast. After several years away from the spotlight, Spence was again asked to read the statement, a role which senior loyalists said was indicative of his significance within Northern Ireland loyalism. On 7 May 1966, loyalists petrol bombed a Catholic-owned pub in the loyalist Shankill area of Belfast. A man once involved in conflict. [34] In December, the UVF detonated a car bomb near the Garda central detective bureau and telephone exchange headquarters in Dublin. Stock photos, 360 images, vectors and videos 2023 BBC. [32] He was returned to Crumlin Road gaol soon afterwards, where he shared a cell with William "Plum" Smith, one of the Red Hand Commandos whom he had met upon his initial release and who had since been jailed for attempted murder. Available for both RF and RM licensing. Thirty-three people were killed and almost 300 injured. [29] Unionist support for O'Neill waned, and on 28 April he resigned as Prime Minister. Spence told Radio Ulster that the UVF had been "engaged in murder, attempted murder of civilians, attempted murder of police officers. "FIFTH REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT MONITORING COMMISSION", Select Committee on Northern Ireland Affairs - Part One: The continuing threat from paramilitary organisations, "Inside story: Why the IRA never attacked Scotland", "Revealed: how Scots loyalists sent gelignite to paramilitaries. CAIN also states that republicans killed 15 UVF members, some of whom are suspected to have been set up for assassination by their colleagues. He also directed a significant restocking of the group's arsenal, with guns mostly taken from the security forces. [80], In the twentieth IMC report, the group was said to be continuing to put its weapons "beyond reach", (in the group's own words) to downsize, and reduce the criminality of the group. [89][90] A dissident Republican was arrested for "the attempted murder of police officers in east Belfast" after shots were fired upon the police. Skip to navigation [n] Skip to content [c] Skip to footer [f] Search Search. The UVF's leadership is based in Belfast and known as the Brigade Staff. Two UVF members, Harris Boyle and Wesley Somerville, were accidentally killed by their own bomb while carrying out this attack. [17], He was entrusted by the Combined Loyalist Military Command (CLMC) to read out their 13 October 1994 statement that announced the loyalist ceasefire. Then, use free funeral planning tools to plan out the best funeral for your loved one. They shot John Scullion, a Catholic civilian, as he walked home. Augustus Spence was born in a Protestant area of Belfast, not far from Shankill Road. Spence said loyalists offered "abject and true remorse" to the loved ones of all the innocent victims of the Troubles. Spence was initially held over the murder of the first victim of the Troubles, John Scullion, who was shot by the UVF in the Falls Road area of Belfast. VideoRecord numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. After several years away from the spotlight, Spence was again asked to read the statement, a role which senior loyalists said was indicative of his significance within Northern Ireland loyalism. ", This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 06:47. It was not in his later life. "The untouchable informers facing exposure at last". A former leader of the UVF's political wing, the Progressive Unionist Party, described him as "one of the pivots on which a page of Irish history turned". When the prisoner was unable to provide one, Spence would then seek to convince them of the wisdom of his more politicised path, something that he accomplished with Mitchell. This was a large, three-day riot between Irish nationalists and the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). [41] Furthermore, the VPP suffered a heavy defeat in West Belfast in the October 1974 general election, when the DUP candidate John McQuade captured six times as many votes as the VPP's Ken Gibson. The UVF was also clashing with the UDA in the summer of 2000. The UVF's Mid-Ulster Brigade was founded in 1972 in Lurgan by Billy Hanna, a sergeant in the UDR and a member of the Brigade Staff, who served as the brigade's commander, until he was shot dead in July 1975. [43] Jackson was allegedly the hitman who shot Hanna dead outside his home in Lurgan. Gusty Spence, who died over the weekend, was a paramilitary godfather in Northern Ireland and one of the founding figures of the UVF, but was also among the first to recognise the need for peace. [151] A Canadian branch of the UDA also existed and sent $30,000 to the UDA's headquarters in Belfast by 1975. Wednesday, 15 February 2023 | 10.2 . Ontario is to Ulster Protestants what Boston is to Irish Catholics." It was the UVF's deadliest attack in Northern Ireland, and the deadliest attack in Belfast during the Troubles. [158] Loyalists in Portadown such as Bobby Jameson have stated that the LVF (the Mid-Ulster Brigade that broke away from the main UVF - and led by Billy Wright) was not a 'loyalist organisation but a drugs organisation causing misery in Portadown. The family of the former UVF leader Gusty Spence is planning a funeral with the emphasis on his British army past rather than his time in the paramilitary group. [66] The UVF also killed senior IRA paramilitary members Liam Ryan, John 'Skipper' Burns and Larry Marley. These included the Miami Showband killings of 31 July 1975 when three members of the popular showband were killed, having been stopped at a fake British Army checkpoint outside Newry in County Down. Gusty was a man of war, he was also a man of peace, she said. Sociologist Steven Bruce described the support networks in Canada as "the main source of support for loyalism outside the United Kingdom . [48] When Spence's wife died three years later, he said that C Company had been responsible for her death, such was the toll that the events had taken on her health. [93] Much of the UVF's orchestration was carried out by its senior members in East Belfast, where many attacks on the PSNI and on residents of the Short Strand enclave took place. He then became involved in politics and announced the landmark loyalist paramilitary ceasefires in 1994. At the same time, he distanced himself from any policy of random murders of Catholics. The first British soldier to be killed by the Provisional IRA died in February 1971. So when her husband had first made contact with Mr Spence "it was like talking to someone we had always known". we solemnly warn the authorities to make no more speeches of appeasement. 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