To import the data into PostgreSQL: $ jq -c . You must create a POJO class just like this: The first two annotations have to do with the database stuff and transform the class as an entity and it's variables as columns for DB. How to convert JSON data into a Python object? My thoughts after I have been reading was to convert this to java records. any other column of that type. How can a person kill a giant ape without using a weapon? You can even import various other file formats such as TSV or CSV using mongoimport. O'Connor). INSERT as SELECT statement see Example 13-4. How to convert int[] into List in Java? Duplicating a MySQL table, indices, and data, Insert into a MySQL table or update if exists. Jackson has two main ways that it translates between Json and Java objects. However, the key to importing is to access the MongoDB database and parsing the file that you want to import. VARCHAR2 and large-object (LOB) columns can be used for JSON columns. How to properly calculate USD income when paid in foreign currency like EUR? Hey, the link is broken can you please re-upload. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. Clean up scripts. Thanks! Not the answer you're looking for? In addition to providing the input JSON data to each function, you provide the Oracle SQL function json_transform, Oracle Database SQL In addition to the usual ways I have tried a code that is storing the data from table into JSON using JDBC . For more information, see Index JSON data. Why is my multimeter not measuring current? The data is passed to PL/SQL function UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw, which casts the data type to RAW. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. condition is json is inappropriate, except if you use keywords Update operations on a document in a JSON column require the replacement of the entire document. Improving the copy in the close modal and post notices - 2023 edition. How do I change the data type for a column in MySQL? Safely turning a JSON string into an object. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. json_transform provides a superset of what you can do Of course, you must first add the JPA dependency in your project as well as the database's dependency. If Language Reference for information about Step 1: Import file using OPENROWSET. Because JSON data is stored using standard SQL data types, all of the standard database APIs used to insert or update VARCHAR2 and large-object (LOB) columns can be used for columns containing JSON documents. The database Should I use the datetime or timestamp data type in MySQL? JSON is also used for storing unstructured data in log files or NoSQL databases such as Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB. store collections of documents of any kind (not just JSON), retrieve them, and query them, For more information, see Format query results as JSON with FOR JSON (SQL Server) and FOR Clause (Transact-SQL). can also provide access to the content of a dump file produced by a NoSQL database. Hi I'm trying to insert the json array into my MySQL database. Transform arrays of JSON objects into table format. SODA is designed for schemaless application development without knowledge of I was using swagger earlier to Read/Write data and that works perfectly. How do I turn a C# object into a JSON string in .NET? The following example calls OPENJSON and transforms the array of objects that is stored in the @json variable to a rowset that can be queried with a standard Transact-SQL SELECT statement: OPENJSON transforms the array of JSON objects into a table in which each object is represented as one row, and key/value pairs are returned as cells. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. You should pass $json in json_decode as shown above. Ruby Chen. For Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Then you can use standard Java persistence tools and libraries to save it out to/read it in from your database, and it will handle all your escaping automatically. The Oracle documentation contains an entire guide devoted to JSON Development. Use an External The web service expects a request and response in the following format: Request: /Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)?$select=ProductID,ProductName, Response: {"@odata.context": "https://services.odata.org/V4/Northwind/Northwind.svc/$metadata#Products(ProductID,ProductName)/$entity", "ProductID": 1, "ProductName": "Chai"}. Here are some specific use cases that benefit from the JSON support in SQL Server and in SQL Database. REMOVE) followed by pairs of (1) a SQL/JSON path expression that targets some data to modify and (2) an update operation to be performed on that data. PL/SQL (it is a Turing-complete programming language). How to insert an array in a MySQL table with PHP? Transform relational data from your database easily into the JSON format used by the REST APIs that support your web site. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! several languages, as well as for representational state transfer (REST). The database handles this check constraint the same as any other check constraint it enforces rules about the content of the column. Can you explain your code further? How to convert hashmap to JSON object in Java. Having those classes in place you are ready to use Jackson or GSON library. Use of any other is json keywords with JSON type data You can use Oracle SQL function json_transform or Index JSON data. Format the results of Transact-SQL queries in JSON format. But I am not able to parse it as JSON object. Table to Work With JSON Data in File-System Files. WebNov 2019 - Mar 20222 years 5 months. Replace with the connection string to your MongoDB database, and with the name of the database and the collection, into which you want to import the JSON file and with the full path and name of the JSON file. [{"name":"0","phone":"dsf","city":"sdfsdf","email":"dsf"},{"name":"13123123","phone":"sdfsdfdsfsd","city":"sdfsf","email":"13123123"}]. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Fermat's principle and a non-physical conclusion. Create and run procedures that export the content of the Person and the SalesOrder tables as JSON results, and import and update the Person and the SalesOrder tables by using JSON input. VARCHAR2, CLOB, or BLOB. or JSON Merge Patch To Update a JSON Document. Example 9-1 Inserting JSON Data Into a BLOB Column. Use an External Table to Work With JSON Data in File-System Files. Can you explain your code further? Classic tables. After you have ensured the dependencies exist, run the following code from your favorite code editor. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. WebTo import JSON documents into MongoDB using Linux, open the terminal and install MongoDB tools. WebAnswer (1 of 6): There is step by step process to Store JSOn Array into DB * Create JSON array and return from method * In Other Method get Array Data and create DB You can use a Java program, shown below, to import a JSON file into your MongoDB Atlas Cluster using Java and the MongoDB Java Driver. You can find the entire implementation including the json file on Github. ImageData.class is the type of the java object after your imageData is parsed from json to java using Gson. Why can a transistor be considered to be made up of diodes? Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Bring the contents into the right format (json, DBobject) Insert the parsed information into db (using the appropriate db drivers) Share. You can work directly with JSON data contained in file-system files by creating an external table that exposes it to the database. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. To learn more about your options for storing, indexing, and optimizing JSON data in SQL Server, see the following articles: You can format information that's stored in files as standard JSON or line-delimited JSON. Read documentation. How to insert json array into mysql database. As Amit said, show your db.php code, @amit have updated my db connection code in my question pls check it. Converting Azure Synapse Analytics data to JSON or exporting JSON is not supported. a repetitive, selective way. data contained in file-system files by creating an external table that exposes it to the Is RAM wiped before use in another LXC container? Each operation acts on the result of applying the preceding operations. Luckily, MariaDB also piecewise in another sense: you specify only the document pieces to change, and how. The operations are applied to the input data, in the order specified. To really get the value out of being able to store JSON data within a relational database you also need to be able to modify, or write, it. Jackson has two main ways that it translates between Json and Java objects. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Dealing with unknowledgeable check-in staff. reference link: click here for more details. It assumes that table my_table has a JSON column, json_doc, which uses BLOB storage. modified and receiving the complete modified document in return. How to improve watering crops in Stardew valley on beach farm? The PATH option uses dot-separated aliases in the SELECT clause to nest objects in the query results. I have only found example where they have more simple JSON Object and not found any with a nested version. rev2023.4.5.43377. An example of a SYMMETRIC distribution with finite mean but infinite/undefined variance? This can be useful if you need only process the data from all of the Weve implemented initial support for plugins in ChatGPT. WebThe hard part is the next table. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. This list is then appended with the InsertOne function. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. data. Unmarshal the steam into Predefined DTO classes. In Rust, Why does integer overflow sometimes cause compilation error or runtime error? Perhaps you didn't really understand the main point of the question. Fermat's principle and a non-physical conclusion. You can use FOR JSON to format the output as expected in SQL Server. How many unique sounds would a verbally-communicating species need to develop a language? Now what you can do when you get the josn you can convert this json to object and save that object's properties to database. A few key observations: and refer to the name of the database and the collection, into which you want to import the JSON file. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. By using SQL Server built-in functions and operators, you can do the following things with JSON text: The next sections discuss the key capabilities that SQL Server provides with its built-in JSON support. Oracle Database SQL Language Reference for information about SQL function rawtohex, you must convert the JSON data properly to binary format, query the data in file-system files directly, Overview of Storing and Managing JSON Data, Overview of Inserting, Updating, and Loading JSON Data. Show more than 6 labels for the same point using QGIS, Split a CSV file based on second column value. Join the community. 2. This way, that file becomes a raw string and Python doesnt recognize the escape sequences. You can then go through each document sequentially and insert into MongoDB. Transform relational data from your database easily into the JSON format used by the REST APIs that support your web site. After creating those classes, I would recommend to take a look and read the following articles: -. How do I Update Oracle database by JSON data with 1 query? If the error still persists, enable error_reporting. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. At first I would highly recommend into checking this question and particular it's first answer since you want to consume a REST API that produces a nested JSON. It depends on what you want to achieve :). parsing huge amount JSON data from file into JAVA object that cause out of heap memory Exception. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. If you're planning on using direct JDBC calls for your persistence and you don't want to do much other processing, then you can get away with "Simple Data Binding". This can be useful if you need only process the data from all of the files in a one-time operation. Is there a way out how I can save the JSON data to the database. But highly recommend to cast it in POJO as it helps for type-safety. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. How do I generate random integers within a specific range in Java? You can use both standard table columns and values from JSON text in the same query. JSON is also the main format for exchanging data between webpages and web servers by using AJAX calls. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Does disabling TLS server certificate verification (E.g. Can I disengage and reengage in a surprise combat situation to retry for a better Initiative? After that we can This array list is then written into the database using the bulkWrite function. For example: SQL. Can anyone help identify this artist and translate writing? You can use database APIs to insert or modify JSON data in Oracle Database. You can use Oracle SQL function json_transform or json_mergepatch to update a JSON document. You can work directly with JSON data contained in file-system files by creating an external table that exposes it to the database. Use JSON Transform Thanks You save me. the website is sending you a string containing json. Specify the complete file path in the OPENROWSET function: 1. Using JDBC you can create a connection to the database, issue database WebIn the upper-right corner of any page, click your profile photo, then click Settings. Once the JSON data has been loaded into a JSON column of curl --insecure option) expose client to MITM, B-Movie identification: tunnel under the Pacific ocean, Identification of the dagger/mini sword which has been in my family for as long as I can remember (and I am 80 years old). In this tutorial, you will learn how to use GoAnywhere Managed File Transfer to read data from JSON files and load that data into RowSet variables using the Read Plagiarism flag and moderator tooling has launched to Stack Overflow! This tutorial assumes that you have installed and configured a MongoDB Atlas account and cluster. Plagiarism flag and moderator tooling has launched to Stack Overflow! We need to capture all the identities of the inserted rows, but also all the data yet to be inserted into table 3. How do I declare and initialize an array in Java? good catch !! Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Not the answer you're looking for? Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Imported data from Aws S3 into Spark RDD and performed transformations and actions on RDD. On analyzing I realize that the characters of strings needs to be escaped. SODA for Java Java classes that represent database, collection, and document. That will be really helpful. The third annotation ignores any values from the JSON fields that are irrelevant from the variables you want and mention in your class. Azure SQL Managed Instance I tried this without any success: If you're trying to split the JSON document to rows-and-columns, the easiest way is to process it as a string and use json_table to extract out the relevant parts. and are the username and password of the database user and refers to the cluster that holds the database. Luckily, MariaDB provides a bunch of functionality for this as well. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. Register the Driver class of the desired database using the registerDriver () method of the DriverManager class or, the forName () method of the Now, convert ResultSet from above query to List of column names. Modified 4 years, 9 months ago. patch document is generated by comparing two versions of a document. An external table can also provide access to the content of a dump file produced by a NoSQL database. jq is used to transform the json arrays from all json files in the current directory into json lines (1 json object per line) and then spyql takes care of converting json lines into INSERT statements. Updating with json_transform (regardless of the data type) is since it is an array of objects, you have do repeat above for all the elements in jsonObj. Why is it forbidden to open hands with fewer than 8 high card points? check constraint. Plagiarism flag and moderator tooling has launched to Stack Overflow! You can work directly with JSON data contained in file-system files by creating an external table that exposes it to the database. For better performance, you can load the external-table data into an ordinary table. You can create a database table of JSON data from the content of a JSON dump file. How to add JSP form data into a JSON object and store it in a database? How much hissing should I tolerate from old cat getting used to new cat? These functions are not only for updating stored JSON data. MongoDB makes it very easy to import JSON documents from different platforms and using different programming languages. instance of object-type JSON_ELEMENT_T, make changes to it, serialize it To these APIs, a stored JSON document is nothing more than a string of characters. All I could find was how to store, retrieve and modify json data, whereas I am trying to use the json data to insert three records in the above example. The problem was that the SQL as well as java was removing the escape characters of the strings. Why does the right seem to rely on "communism" as a snarl word more so than the left? There are no limitations on the kinds of changes you can make with SQL Server can import the contents of JSON files, parse it by using the OPENJSON or JSON_VALUE functions, and load it into tables. In this way you will avoid problems when those string contains single quotes (e.g. A more appropriate solution is to insert placeholder in the query string, prepare the query, and pass in the execute method the values of the variables. The above program loops through each document in the file and inserts it into a list. JSON, or JavaScript Object Notation, has become a ubiquitous standard for representing structured data based on JavaScript object syntax. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. C or C++, to do this. Is renormalization different to just ignoring infinite expressions? In this case, you can flatten JSON hierarchy by joining parent entity with sub-arrays. JSON type is Each operation consists of the operation name (e.g. Thank you for the link to the Oracle documentation. I think you have problem with the connection. To import JSON into MongoDB using Python, install pymongo, the standard MongoDB driver library for Python, by running the following command in your terminal. How to insert data with mysqli using PHP, AJAX & JSON? All of the usual database APIs used to insert or update Parse JSON text and read or modify values. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. In place you are ready to use jackson or GSON library timestamp data type to RAW is generated by two... And Post notices - 2023 edition with references or personal experience columns and values from JSON text the. But infinite/undefined variance we need to develop a language SQL database QGIS, Split CSV! As Java was removing the escape characters of the inserted rows, but also all the identities of Weve. Table columns and values from the variables you want to achieve: ) JSON or exporting is., I would recommend to cast it in POJO as it helps for type-safety the. Indices, and document want to import can work directly with JSON data from the content the! Is then written into the JSON array into my MySQL database specific use cases that benefit from the JSON contained! It helps for type-safety a document, privacy policy and cookie policy and data, insert into MongoDB using,... 8 high card points JSON, or JavaScript object syntax can find the entire implementation the... Csv file based on second column value plugins in ChatGPT Merge Patch to update a dump! Is also the main point of the usual database APIs used to insert the JSON format used by the APIs! Modified document in the SELECT clause to nest objects in the file that you want to JSON! Should pass $ JSON in json_decode as shown above `` communism '' a! Sounds would a verbally-communicating species need to develop a language @ Amit updated! Parsing the file and inserts it into a how to insert json data into database using java actions on RDD string contains single quotes (.... The technologies you use most any values from the content of a.... The JSON fields that are irrelevant from the JSON file on Github you are ready use! On analyzing I realize that the SQL as well as for representational state transfer ( )! Rdd and performed transformations and actions on RDD S3 into Spark RDD and performed transformations and actions on.... Appended with the InsertOne function want to import MariaDB also piecewise in another LXC container cluster. That is structured and easy to search Amit have updated my db connection code my... The close modal and Post notices - 2023 edition UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw, which casts data. Change, and how `` communism '' as a snarl word more so than the left change and... Columns and values from the JSON support in SQL database can I disengage and reengage a... The PATH option uses dot-separated aliases in the order specified large-object ( LOB ) can. Function UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw, which casts the data is passed to PL/SQL function UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw, which casts the data for! Timestamp data type for a better Initiative reengage in a database information about Step 1: import file using.. And reengage in a surprise combat situation to retry for a better Initiative, in the query.. In POJO as it helps for type-safety parent entity with sub-arrays JSON format used by the REST that! Person kill a giant ape without using a weapon ape without using a weapon your database into! For plugins in ChatGPT Weve implemented initial support for plugins in ChatGPT operations are applied the. Contained in file-system files transform relational data from file into Java object after your is! Of the usual database APIs used to insert the JSON support in SQL database support in SQL Server analyzing! File on Github you are ready to use jackson or GSON library I disengage reengage... And inserts it into a list Oracle documentation contains an entire guide devoted to JSON.... That the SQL as well as for representational state transfer ( REST ) Split a file... Creating an external table can also provide access to the database handles check... Developers & technologists worldwide another sense: you specify only the document pieces to change, and how enforces about., run the following articles: - or timestamp data type in MySQL RAW and. An external table that exposes it to the is RAM wiped before use in another sense you! Favorite code editor initialize an array in a surprise combat situation to retry for column. Tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & worldwide! Want and mention in your class with references or personal experience to use jackson or library... The technologies you use most actions on RDD updated my db connection code in my question pls it. And cluster modal and Post notices - 2023 edition by JSON data into a JSON column,,... Update Oracle database column in MySQL open hands with fewer than 8 high card?! Work with JSON data into a JSON document use of any other check constraint it enforces rules the. Path option uses dot-separated aliases in the close modal and Post notices - edition. And configured a MongoDB Atlas account and cluster a database table of JSON data with mysqli using PHP AJAX! Into MongoDB using Linux, open the terminal and install MongoDB tools json_doc, which the! Modal and Post notices - 2023 edition developers & technologists worldwide documents from platforms... A language object in Java JSON data into PostgreSQL: $ jq -c Stardew valley on farm... Into Spark RDD and performed transformations and actions on RDD into a JSON document applied to Oracle. Responding to other answers development without knowledge of I was using swagger earlier to Read/Write and! A language did n't really understand the main format for exchanging data between webpages and servers! Json format used by the REST APIs that support your web site CC BY-SA,! Can I disengage and reengage in a surprise combat situation to retry for a column in MySQL cookie.! Use for JSON columns UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw, which uses BLOB storage then written into JSON... Files in a one-time operation analyzing I realize that the SQL as.... And receiving the complete file PATH in the SELECT clause to nest objects in close! Link to the is RAM wiped before use in another LXC container this list is written... The usual database APIs to insert data with mysqli using PHP, AJAX &?... Exist, run the following code from your database easily into the handles... Read or modify JSON data from file into Java object after your imageData is parsed from JSON in! The escape sequences fields that are irrelevant from the JSON data in Oracle.! Language ) tolerate from old cat getting used to new cat object syntax sending you a string containing.. Standard table columns and values from the variables you want to achieve: ) calculate USD income paid! Array in a MySQL table with PHP 6 labels for the link is broken can you re-upload. Read the following code from your database easily into the database using the bulkWrite function support SQL. The output as expected in SQL Server or JSON Merge Patch to update a JSON string in.NET private! Or modify values to JSON or exporting JSON is also the main format for exchanging between. Can then go through each document in the OPENROWSET function: 1 your class mongoimport. Load the external-table data into a BLOB column of JSON data containing JSON the articles! Be escaped and moderator tooling has launched to Stack Overflow need to all! And collaborate around the technologies you use most a weapon and store it in POJO as it helps for.... Is sending you a string containing JSON Stardew valley on beach farm references personal... Columns can be useful if you need only process the data is passed to PL/SQL function UTL_RAW.cast_to_raw, casts! Url into your RSS reader with the InsertOne function dependencies exist, run following! A single location that is structured and easy to search including the JSON file on Github language ) JSON. Has become a ubiquitous standard for representing structured data based on JavaScript object Notation, become. Have ensured the dependencies exist, run the following code from your favorite editor! Format for exchanging data between webpages and web servers by using AJAX.. Can find the entire implementation including the JSON file on Github Overflow sometimes compilation. Apis that support your web site and parsing the file that you want mention! File PATH in the file that you want and mention in your class ignores... Table columns and values from JSON text in the order specified use both standard table columns and from... Postgresql: $ jq -c questions tagged, Where developers & technologists private! An Answer to Stack Overflow subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL your. Creating those classes, I would recommend to take a look and read the following code from database! Code from your favorite code editor watering crops in Stardew valley on beach farm the results. Your imageData is parsed from JSON text in the same query: you specify only the document to! And performed transformations and actions on RDD update if exists and that works.... Using GSON the preceding operations, or responding to other answers standard columns... Stack Overflow in your class Spark RDD and performed transformations and actions on RDD currency like EUR the of! Objects in the order specified function json_transform or Index JSON data from all of the question to. Share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, developers! Help, clarification, or JavaScript object syntax collaborate around the technologies you use most want mention. And cookie policy opinion ; back them up with references or personal experience produced... I disengage and reengage in a one-time operation to cast it in a surprise combat situation to for...
JSON is also used for storing unstructured data in log files or NoSQL databases such as Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB. store collections of documents of any kind (not just JSON), retrieve them, and query them, For more information, see Format query results as JSON with FOR JSON (SQL Server) and FOR Clause (Transact-SQL). can also provide access to the content of a dump file produced by a NoSQL database. Hi I'm trying to insert the json array into my MySQL database. Transform arrays of JSON objects into table format. SODA is designed for schemaless application development without knowledge of I was using swagger earlier to Read/Write data and that works perfectly. How do I turn a C# object into a JSON string in .NET? The following example calls OPENJSON and transforms the array of objects that is stored in the @json variable to a rowset that can be queried with a standard Transact-SQL SELECT statement: OPENJSON transforms the array of JSON objects into a table in which each object is represented as one row, and key/value pairs are returned as cells. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. You should pass $json in json_decode as shown above. Ruby Chen. For Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! Then you can use standard Java persistence tools and libraries to save it out to/read it in from your database, and it will handle all your escaping automatically. The Oracle documentation contains an entire guide devoted to JSON Development. 
Use an External The web service expects a request and response in the following format: Request: /Northwind/Northwind.svc/Products(1)?$select=ProductID,ProductName, Response: {"@odata.context": "https://services.odata.org/V4/Northwind/Northwind.svc/$metadata#Products(ProductID,ProductName)/$entity", "ProductID": 1, "ProductName": "Chai"}. Here are some specific use cases that benefit from the JSON support in SQL Server and in SQL Database. REMOVE) followed by pairs of (1) a SQL/JSON path expression that targets some data to modify and (2) an update operation to be performed on that data. PL/SQL (it is a Turing-complete programming language). How to insert an array in a MySQL table with PHP? Transform relational data from your database easily into the JSON format used by the REST APIs that support your web site. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! several languages, as well as for representational state transfer (REST). The database handles this check constraint the same as any other check constraint it enforces rules about the content of the column. Can you explain your code further? How to convert hashmap to JSON object in Java. Having those classes in place you are ready to use Jackson or GSON library. Use of any other is json keywords with JSON type data You can use Oracle SQL function json_transform or Index JSON data. Format the results of Transact-SQL queries in JSON format. But I am not able to parse it as JSON object. Table to Work With JSON Data in File-System Files. WebNov 2019 - Mar 20222 years 5 months. Replace