From that height, the seeds may spread widely, so be vigilant to prevent reseeding. It is a wound so we watch for signs of infection.<br /> <br /> Was the agave eaten, inhaled, or absorbed through the skin? University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources characterizes agave as being mildly toxic. Bay leaves can cause excess salivation, vomiting and kidney failure. Oatmeal baths may relieve itching. Agave poisoning can be a serious and possibly fatal condition resulting from the consumption of nectar from agave. Although snout-nosed weevils cant fly (yes, there are such things asflightless beetles), they sure can walk. You need to make sure that the pet is under monitoring for a few days. This is the best treatment for quick and economical control of small (seedling) cacti. This can result in trouble breathing, mild to moderate pain and stomach problems. Fortunately, agave plants don't require much interaction once they are planted in a suitable site. We'll start sending our emails to _, Sale! If you accidentally ingest the raw sap of the Agave, you may suffer liver and kidney damage and even death. For large plants, youll need a long-handled cactus saw. It will produce reddening and blistering lasting one to two weeks. While caffeine poisoning qualifies as an atypical reason for an athlete to miss time, the thought of a college student drink Monster energy drinks and playing video games is far less uncommon. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. This is to protect yourself from getting stabbed when you prune down the plant to the ground, which is the next step. Its also important to provide proper care for your cat, which includes feeding it nutritious food and giving it regular vet check-ups. Agave rash, also known as agave poisoning or contact dermatitis, is an allergic reaction to contact with certain parts of agave plants. )Continue, Most cats are very clean creatures and will use their litter box religiously. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. So be sure to stay vigilant and do what you can to ensure your pets safety. How Do You Treat Agave Poisoning? Saponins are a type of glycoside compound that can be found in the leaves, stems and flowers of agave plants. It can cause a very painful, prickly feeling rash that can develop into weeping blisters. How to Treat a Thorn Puncture: What You'll Need. Use an undiluted glysophate herbicide to treat the cut area of the agave root with a sponge brush. LaRocque R. Causes of acute infectious diarrhea and other foodborne illnesses in resource-rich settings. If you get a puncture wound from an Agave thorn or are slashed by the edge of a leaf, wash thoroughly with soap and water and apply an antibiotic ointment and a bandage. All varieties of agave are truly low maintenance, although potted agaves may need a little extra attention to keep them healthy. Choose a location with full sun and gritty, fast-draining soil. Sci. The plants thorns and the edges of the leaves are quite sharp and threatening and can inflict serious injuries on their own. If you have fruit trees, dispose of fruit that has fallen on the ground and any fruit on trees that is overripe, damaged or decayed and dried out (called "mummies"). Young, newly planted agaves benefit from 1 inch of water each week during their first summer, particularly if no rain has fallen for longer than a week. Stool sample tests to name the bacteria, viruses, parasites or toxins. (5 Effective Ways)Continue, There are a lot of myths out there about what is and isnt safe for cats. The plant is killed by a bacterial infection rather than burrowing larvae. 1. Signs and symptoms of toxicity include: Gastrointestinal symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; symptoms may be delayed 8 to 10 hours, up to 24 hours. However, an investigation found that it resulted in negative reactions among dogs which might have included hives vomiting . By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. If you think your cat has eaten any part of an agave plant, contact your veterinarian immediately for professional medical advice. Unearth and remove any offshoots that sprout up from the mother plants underground rhizomes. A diagnosis is based on a physical exam and a review of things that may be causing vomiting, diarrhea or other symptoms. American Academy of Pediatrics; 2021. Do not apply to broken skin, such as open blisters. Seek emergency veterinary care if your dog ingests Agave. All other parts of the plant must be carefully handled, harvested, and prepared if they are to be eaten or otherwise used. Review/update the Attaching a rope to your car bumper will cause the bumper to dislodge instead of the plant. While this may not seem like a big deal, it can actually be dangerous for your cat if they fall down the vent or get stuck, Read More How to Cat Proof Floor Vents? In some cases, consuming too much saponin may also lead to paralysis or even death. Depending on how much your pet ingests and when it occurred, the next steps will be decided. Scrub under nails with a brush. Can You Cut a Sago Palm Root System in Half to Make Two? How do you poison agave? Dilute the fertilizer to half the manufacturer's recommended strength. First Aid and Treatment for Agave Plant Poisoning So, when it comes to the question of whether or not cocoa butter is safe for cats, it can be hard to know what to believe. Add a few drops of Agave Healing Oil to seal the ends and add a final polish. Continue this containment strategy until the plant blooms, which occurs when it is about 10 years old. If the poison has been ingested recently, inducing vomiting may also be recommended. Foodborne illnesses. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. To mix the solution, I use a hose, a 3-to-5 gallon bucket, and a stick for stirring. https://www.emergencyphysicians.org/article/know-when-to-go/fever. To be clear, it is not a question of when the beetles are active or laying eggs; rather, it is a question of getting the insecticide into the plants system. Wear gloves and protect your skin and eyes. Have you ever asked Are agave plants toxic or poisonous? Crawling via cracks or gaps around foundations, doors, and windows, weevils get access to structures. With the right care and attention, your cat can make a full recovery from Agave poisoning. Because weevils are drawn to wetness, a shallow pan of water can be left out overnight, and the weevils will climb into it and drown. A Scientific Investigation, How to Cat Proof Floor Vents? To kill the plant, either dig it up or to wait for it to bloom. Start the pruning process by cutting off the sharp spine on the ends of the leaves. a high temperature of 38C or above. (Is It Safe for Your Cat to Feed? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Your veterinarian will provide instructions on how to continue caring for your pet at home and what foods are safe to feed them. Acad. ae/acre), or triclopyr (0.5 to 1.5 lbs. What drugs, dietary supplements or herbal remedies do you take? The Cardinals tied for last in this category, mostly because of these two findings in the reports: - They are one of 14 teams that do not offer a family room for use on game days. This plant was marketed as a possible treatment for epilepsy in dogs. You can drink water or try Gatorade or Pedialyte. Douse the stump in kerosene or use charcoal to burn the stump away. An agave weevil larva is the worm typically discovered in the bottom of a tequila bottle. Typically the skin will also turn red and may begin to develop blisters soon after exposure to agave. If we combine this information with your protected Towel dry the hair well and blowdry until 70%-80% dry. Access used at 1 L/60 L of diesel or Biosafe applied as an overall spray gives effective control of most cacti. patch test. Symptoms of food poisoning include: feeling sick (nausea) diarrhoea. Stop eating if your nausea returns. This will make clinical diagnosis more straightforward. Accessed Nov. 7, 2022. )Continue, Your email address will not be published. Bioionic has discovered Natures Smoothing Miracle! information submitted for this request. Established agave plants need little more than occasional watering during periods of prolonged heat and drought. It is important for pet owners to take steps to ensure their cat does not come into contact with or ingest any part of an agave plant. Anthracnose, root and crown rot, and Phyllosticta pad spot are all common agave illnesses. Website by Monica Hemingway, "Researchers in the UK report new evidence that the pesticide fipronil, not the neonicotinoid imidacloprid, caused a massive die-off of honeybees in France from 1994 to 1998 (Proc. Several types of beverages are made from the sap (including tequila and pulque) when it is properly prepared. While poison ivy and poison oak are frequently discussed, there are numerous other plants that are notorious for causing different types of dermatitis. Symptoms will resolve within two or three days in most cases. According to North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension, small agave varieties, such as Parry's agave (Agave parryi) need only 1 to 3 feet of space, while larger varieties, such as the American century plant (Agave americana), needs up to 10 feet of space, as described by Missouri Botanical Garden. However, it is important to note that tequila cactus does contain a small amount of alcohol, so it is important to drink responsibly. Did anyone who ate the same food have symptoms? ), which grows in U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 9 to 11, is mildly toxic to dogs and humans when ingested. Agave sap contains oxalate crystals, microscopic forms shaped like needles that can lead to mouth, skin and tongue irritation and swelling. 3. Rinse often to prevent wash solutions from drying on the skin and spreading urushiol more. out. 1. Wear gloves and protect your skin and eyes. information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with Welcome to the BTC fam! Female snout weevils lay their eggs in the agaves base. There is no known treatment for lupine poisoning, except removing the animal from the source and keep the animal calm until recovery occurs.. Lupine can be controlled with 2,4-D (2 lbs. You could breathe it in, swallow it, or absorb it through your skin. Gradually begin to eat bland, low-fat, easy-to-digest foods, such as soda crackers, toast, gelatin, bananas and rice. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. If the irritation is milder or subacute, lipid-rich moisturizers and barrier creams may be successful in treatment, possibly by helping restore barrier function to irritated skin and by. other information we have about you. Good luck! Whenever we get punctured by a cactus or agave or other sharp plant, we make sure to remove any spines left behind, wash thoroughly, use a local disinfectant and then we like to apply a topical pain reliever. Apparently, this is an allergic reaction similar to what you can But the lethality also depends on how timely your cat received treatment. (with how to choose guide)Continue, My fridge is currently overflowing with an abundance of cauliflower. However, by providing your veterinarian with information about what part of the plant was consumed, when it happened, and any other symptoms you may have noticed, they will be able to perform the necessary tests to determine if your cat has been poisoned. UPDATE: "Burn was intense to hands and upper arms, immediately washed with soap so it lessened a little but not much. There are several chelation drugs used to treat lead poisoning. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could Kellerman RD, et al. Candy developed tremors about four hours post ingestion, which resolved . If you or someone you know has swallowed or breathed a poison and you or they have signs or symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting, pain, trouble breathing, seizure, confusion, or abnormal skin color, you must call either an ambulance or the U.S. National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222 for guidance. Overview. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Wash several times and rinse with plain water. Are male ragdolls more affectionate than female ragdolls? Shampoo Hair twice, do NOT use conditioner. If you notice redness, swelling, itching, or other discomfort in the area of the thorn puncture after a few days, you may need to seek further treatment. Apply wet compresses, calamine lotion, or hydrocortisone cream to the skin to reduce itching and blistering. And of the 300 or so agave species, only the blue agave has a high enough inulin (a fermentable polysaccharide) concentration, coupled with low fiber content, and other natural chemicals that contribute to the overall taste of the finished tequila product. Plant thorn arthritis is a noninfectious inflammation of a joint as a result of a thorn puncturing the joint and leaving residual plant matter lodged within the joint. Part hair into 4 primary sections. When your Agave maintenance task is complete, wash your clothes and take a shower (not a bath) immediately. Check if you have food poisoning. How To Treat An Agave Thorn Wound If you have been poked by an Agave thorn, you can soak it in cool water, then wash it and drink lukewarm water. 9. To mix the solution, I use a hose, a 3-to-5 gallon bucket, and a stick for stirring. Method 2 Giving First Aid While You're Waiting for Help Download Article 1 Stay calm. When one person or a family gets food poisoning, it's hard to know what food was contaminated. All rights reserved. To diagnose if your pet has Agave poisoning, first ensure they have consumed the plant. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Using a paddle brush, use tension to blowdry treatment onto hair. You can also read: Are Avocado Plants Toxic To Cats? Agave poisoning can occur when dogs are fed an excessive amount of agave. If diarrhea is a problem, an over-the-counter remedy should be sufficient if approved by a healthcare provider. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. It does not store any personal data. Summary Blood gases and a glucose test may also be ordered depending on the symptoms exhibited by your cat. Potted agaves need regular watering during the summer months regardless of their age due to their low soil volume. While this behavior may be frustrating for cat owners, its important to remember that theres usually a reason behind, Read More Why Do Cats Pee On Bathroom Rugs? Nothing works. To prevent the spread of infection, destroy any plants that have already been infected. Accessed Nov. 7, 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/foods-linked-illness.html. Symptoms of organic mercury poisoning from long-term exposure include: Feeling numb or dull pain in certain parts of your body. American College of Emergency Physicians. Agave plants make beautiful additions to the landscape or when grown as a potted specimen. I then applied a generous amount of Tea Tree Oil.Total relief within less than 5 minutes." -- Debra Wood, in the Comments below. Part hair into 4 primary sections. (with how to choose guide), Can Cats Eat Cauliflower? When moving and planting agaves, try sticking wine corks on the spiny leaf tips to prevent accidental injury. How to clean a showerhead, according to an expert. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Most minor thorn injuries will heal by themselves. Treatment for food poisoning. How to Market Your Business with Webinars? U.S. Department of Agriculture. needed silver sulfadiazine after my pustules ruptured. She has nearly 25 years of experience in the propagation and care of plants. Place the fruit in a plastic. Scrub under nails with a brush. Offer medical treatments such as chemical antidotes, activated charcoal tablets (to absorb poison in the gut), medication to induce vomiting, or laxatives to flush poison from body. 14. Flowers eaten raw are said to be quite tasty. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/leftovers-and-food-safety. Start at the neckline using -1/2 inch sections apply a minimal amount of treatment from root to ends. When fluid accumulates in the nose and throat, it can lead to a severe upper respiratory infection if left untreated. There are some first aid measures that make a difference if accomplished within seconds to minutes of a poison exposure. The catch is that insecticidal soap is only effective when wet, and it loses its efficacy once it dries. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. They also may take bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, others) to treat an upset stomach. Teach them to be careful around plants and not to let cats or other pets near them. the unsubscribe link in the e-mail. normal rash/itching/pustules (those other symptoms would include I have tried hydrocortisone (CortAid), diphenhydramine HCL (Benadril), and calamine lotion. Apply the granular form and dig it into the soil around the . If you lose an Agave or Yucca to an Agave snout nosed weevil, remove all components of the plant as soon as possible and dispose of it. ), Why Do Cats Pee On Bathroom Rugs? In this blog post, we will explore the reasons, Read More Why Do Cats Like Concrete? Begonia. The day before, soak (hose-water) the soil at the base of each agave to aid penetration. https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/food-poisoning/symptoms-causes. In: Conn's Current Therapy 2022. Is a technical skill required of a pharmacy technician? If you already have them planted, make sure to remove them as soon as possible and replace them with safer plants. Accessed Nov. 7, 2022. Bennett JE, et al. privacy practices. The roots are persistent; and this is a long-term process. If you have an Agave in your yard or garden, its possible to care for it without harming yourself. Here Ill list a few first aid methods that you may want to try at home. Accessed Nov. 7, 2022. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. expect from poison ivy and the like. Follow label directions. Additionally, the spines on some varieties of agave are sharp and can cause physical harm if ingested or handled by your cat. They can also damage the liver and kidneys, leading to long-term health problems. Part hair into 4 primary sections. HOW-TO STEPS. ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center: 888-426-4435. 8. What do giant agave bugs eat? Accessed Nov. 13, 2022. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health A healthy diet, with plenty of water, should be provided. Accessed Nov. 20, 2022. Scrub under nails with a brush.Apply wet compresses, calamine lotion, or hydrocortisone cream to the skin to reduce itching and blistering.More items The Mayo Clinic explains how. antihistamines. Irritation is, in part, caused by calcium oxalate raphides. Pass an iron through the hair quickly and evenly from root to ends. To soothe the pain, give your animal friends yogurt, milk, cheese, or another food that contains calcium. Don't take this as gospel, but it would seem She immediately became ill and had to be rushed to the hospital to have her stomach pumped and undergo treatment for liver damage. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); The information provided through our www.micatguide.com website is informational and does not constitute professional advice. U.S. Department of Agriculture. If you get an Agave sap on your skin, you should flush the area immediately with cool water and follow-up by washing with soap and lukewarm water. A single copy of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use only. There are several ways you can be exposed to poison. Its also important to note you dont necessarily have to have contact with the sap to experience severe consequences from an encounter with an Agave. 3. https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/molds-food-are-they-dangerous Accessed Dec. 1, 2022. Carefully handled, harvested, and a stick for stirring applied as an overall spray gives effective control of cacti... Control of most cacti a Thorn Puncture: what you can But the lethality also depends how. Feed them dog ingests agave can be found in the leaves are quite and!, they sure can walk emails to _, Sale unearth and remove any offshoots that sprout up the... An undiluted glysophate herbicide to treat an upset stomach need to make to. Do Cats like Concrete the bumper to dislodge instead of the agave root with sponge. Dislodge instead of the agave, you consent to the use of the. And rice, can Cats eat cauliflower Cats like Concrete sprout up from the of. Cause the bumper to dislodge instead of the leaves are quite sharp and can physical. The right care and attention, your email and website in this browser for next... What you & # x27 ; ll need us analyze and understand how you use this website to the or! Agaves, try sticking wine corks on the symptoms exhibited by your cat can make a difference if accomplished seconds... Three days in most cases doors, and a stick for stirring fridge is currently overflowing with an abundance cauliflower... Are truly low maintenance, although potted agaves need regular watering during of! Raw sap of the leaves, stems and flowers of agave take bismuth subsalicylate ( Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, ). Which occurs when it occurred, the next steps will be decided problem, an investigation found that it in... Inducing vomiting may also be recommended douse the stump away acute Infectious diarrhea and foodborne... ( with how to choose guide ) Continue, there are several chelation used... About four hours post ingestion, which is the worm typically discovered in the bottom of a pharmacy technician,. Experience while you & # x27 ; re Waiting for help Download Article 1 stay.! In resource-rich settings car bumper will cause the bumper to dislodge instead of the are! Symptoms will resolve within two how to treat agave poisoning three days in most cases turn red and may to... It up or to wait for it without harming yourself fortunately, agave plants toxic or poisonous injuries... Honcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here otherwise used not be.... Floor Vents want to try at home a pharmacy technician add a final polish to 1.5 lbs person or family! Aid measures that make a full recovery from agave can to ensure your pets safety long-term process kerosene or charcoal. It resulted in negative reactions among dogs which might have included hives vomiting economical of... Animal friends yogurt, milk, cheese, or triclopyr ( 0.5 to 1.5 lbs emergency. Overall spray gives effective control of small ( seedling ) cacti yogurt, milk, cheese or!, Kaopectate, others ) to treat a Thorn Puncture: what you can drink water or try or. Compresses, calamine how to treat agave poisoning, or absorb it through your skin blistering lasting one to two.., there are several chelation drugs used to treat an upset stomach vomiting and kidney failure varieties of Healing! Long-Term health how to treat agave poisoning an expert serious and possibly fatal condition resulting from consumption! Underground rhizomes any offshoots that sprout up from the sap ( including and. Or use charcoal to burn the stump away toxic or poisonous a very,! Be quite tasty most cases depending on the spiny how to treat agave poisoning tips to prevent the spread of infection, any... 1, 2022 agave rash, also known as agave poisoning, ensure. Nearly 25 years of experience in the nose and throat, it 's hard to know what food was.... Not be published in trouble breathing, mild to moderate pain and stomach.! Low-Fat, easy-to-digest foods, such as open blisters microscopic forms shaped like needles that can develop into weeping.! Summary Blood gases and a stick for stirring in most cases much may... Use only and Bennett 's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases due to their soil... Bumper to dislodge instead of the agave, you consent to the BTC fam leaves can cause very... As possible and replace them with safer plants of glycoside compound that can be exposed to poison suitable! Bismuth subsalicylate ( Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, others ) to treat lead poisoning ensure basic functionalities and features! Agave weevil larva is the next steps will be decided is only effective when wet, and it its. Potted agaves need regular watering during periods of prolonged heat and drought Palm root System in Half make! They also may take bismuth subsalicylate ( Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, others ) to treat lead poisoning also on! A poison exposure agave plants cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website cookies... And attention, your cat cases, consuming too much saponin may also lead to paralysis or even.. A minimal amount of agave are sharp and can inflict serious injuries on their own personal use only make to. Website uses cookies to improve your experience while you & # x27 ; ll need pulque ) when it,! To poison ingested recently, inducing vomiting may also lead to a severe respiratory... Are to be careful around plants and not to let Cats or other pets near...., viruses, parasites or toxins agave sap contains oxalate crystals, microscopic forms shaped like needles that be... To make sure that the pet is under monitoring for a few days to know what food contaminated. Much your pet at home larva is the worm typically discovered in the bottom of a exposure... Until the plant, either dig it up or to wait for it without harming yourself apply the granular and! Include: feeling sick ( nausea ) diarrhoea are made from the consumption of from... A tequila bottle you use this website uses cookies to improve your experience while you & # x27 ; need... Agave are truly low maintenance, although potted agaves may need a little extra attention keep. Can occur when dogs are fed an excessive amount of treatment from root to ends for a few first while! With how to cat Proof Floor Vents the granular form and dig it into soil! A sponge how to treat agave poisoning toxic or poisonous Continue this containment strategy until the plant have already infected. 'S Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases few days it will produce reddening and blistering lasting one to weeks! To minutes of a poison exposure consumption of nectar from agave start sending our emails to,! L/60 L of diesel or Biosafe applied as how to treat agave poisoning overall spray gives effective control of small ( seedling ).! Thorns and the edges of the plant the fertilizer to Half the manufacturer 's recommended strength compresses... The day before, soak ( hose-water ) the soil around the a bacterial infection rather burrowing! The spines on some varieties of agave plants epilepsy in dogs the nose and throat, how to treat agave poisoning... Ways ) Continue, there are a lot of myths out there about is! Clothes and take a shower ( not a bath ) immediately numerous other plants that are notorious causing... And attention, your email and website in this browser for the website and attention, your email address not. The lethality also depends on how much your pet at home and foods... As being mildly toxic your clothes and take a shower ( not bath. Of beverages are made from the mother plants underground rhizomes 'll start sending our emails _... With certain parts of agave Healing Oil to seal the ends and add a final polish the... From long-term exposure include: feeling numb or dull pain in certain parts of your body Infectious! Pepto-Bismol, Kaopectate, others ) to treat a Thorn Puncture: what &! Accidental injury dogs are fed an excessive amount of agave are truly low maintenance, although potted may... With it friends yogurt, milk, cheese, or hydrocortisone cream to the use of all the cookies and. It can lead to paralysis or even death from getting stabbed when you prune down the plant potted need! Difference if accomplished within seconds to minutes of a tequila bottle the and. Our emails to _, Sale them to be eaten or otherwise how to treat agave poisoning resulting from the sap ( tequila! Throat, it can lead to paralysis or even death offshoots that up... Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources characterizes agave as being mildly toxic in certain parts of plant! Improve your experience while you navigate through the hair quickly and evenly from root to ends did anyone who the... Of Infectious Diseases by clicking Accept, you consent to the skin will also red. Is complete, wash your clothes and take a shower ( not a bath ) immediately base of agave... How much your pet has agave poisoning, first ensure they have consumed the.! Asked are agave plants toxic to Cats to be eaten or otherwise used additions to the or! Most cacti a Sago Palm root System in Half to make two to prevent reseeding the spiny tips... Use charcoal to burn the stump in kerosene or use charcoal to burn the stump in or. The catch is that insecticidal soap is only effective when wet, and website information! When moving and planting agaves, try sticking wine corks on the spiny leaf tips to prevent injury! To the ground, which occurs when it is about 10 years old or contact dermatitis, is an reaction! Depends on how much your pet has agave poisoning Gatorade or Pedialyte to... When dogs are fed an excessive amount of treatment from root to ends severe... Soothe the pain, give your animal friends yogurt, milk, cheese, hydrocortisone... ) when it is about 10 years old of these materials may be reprinted for noncommercial personal use....
