Eventually Delaware gained its own independence from Pennsylvania, and fended off Maryland. Located along the Atlantic Coastal Plain, Delaware's swampy grounds made agriculture possible. [4][8] Penn had a very hard time governing Delaware because the economy and geology resembled those of the Chesapeake Bay colonies more than that of Pennsylvania. By this boundary, Delaware was substantially awarded to Pennsylvania. The lowland areas were developed for tobacco plantations and dependent on enslaved Africans and African Americans for labor. They took the additional settlers to New Amsterdam (New York) instead. At that time, the Lower Counties petitioned for and were granted an independent colonial legislature; the two colonies shared the same governor until 1776. It was a proprietary colony. It was mostly Protestants (Quakers). A hard-fought court battle was subsequently relegated to a proprietary dispute between the Calvert and Penn families, since both were held in favor by both the King and Prince James. The colony of Delaware was founded in 1638 by Peter Minuit and The New Sweden Company. Delaware was named after Lord de la Warr, a governor of the Virginia colony. Its industries included the manufacture of railroad cars, steamboats, morocco leather, and carriages. With the Second Great Northern War raging in Europe, Stuyvesant assembled an army and naval squadron sufficient to capture the Swedish forts, thus re-establishing control of the colony. The first European colony in the Delaware Valley was established by Swedish settlers in 1638. The Delaware Colony was founded in 1638 by Peter Minuit and New Sweden Company. Then, in 1664, a British fleet arrived and conquered the region, naming it New York. du Pont, a Frenchman trained by Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier in chemistry and powder making, established the country’s largest and best black powder factory north of Wilmington on the Brandywine Creek in 1802. 1655 The Dutch defeat the Swedes on the Delaware, ending the New Sweden Colony. The settlers and their descendants built what is now known as the Old Swedes Church in 1698. [5] Carr and his troops continued down the shore, ravaging and burning settlements, including a Mennonite utopian community led by Pieter Corneliszoon Plockhoy near present-day Lewes, Delaware. Toward the end of the 18th century, itinerant Methodist preachers found many converts among both black and white inhabitants of southern Delaware. With its swift-flowing rivers and creeks, northern Delaware was among the earliest parts of the new United States to adopt water-powered industry. The English colony of Delaware began as an outgrowth of Pennsylvania. William Penn, the Quaker leader of the Province of Pennsylvania, was given the deed to what was then called "the Lower Counties on the Delaware" by the Duke of York. Delaware was thenceforth claimed by New York under a Deputy of the Duke of York from 1664 to 1682, but neither the Duke nor his colonists controlled it. Delaware: The Colony was founded in 1638 by Peter Minuit and the New Sweden Company. The colony's leader Peter Minuit, later became governor of New York. The Dutch founded the first European settlement in Delaware at Lewes (then called Zwaanendael) in 1631. Delaware - Delaware - The colony: The Dutch founded the first European settlement in Delaware at Lewes (then called Zwaanendael) in 1631. The Swedes abandoned Fort Beversreede, a short-lived attempt to establish a foothold at the end of the Great Minquas Path (in modern Philadelphia). The two main reasons for the founding of Delaware, were trade and agriculture. This meant that the Dutch effectively encircled the Swedish colony. Hossitt and Jansz secured a treaty granting the Dutch a parcel of land running along the shore eight Dutch miles long and half a Dutch mile deep (roughly 29 by just under 2 US miles). Delawareans would meet in New Castle, and Pennsylvanians would gather in Philadelphia. In 1631 the Dutch sent a group of twenty-eight men to build a fort inside Cape Henlopen on Lewes Creek to establish the Zwaanendael Colony. The first outpost of the Swedish settlement was named Fort Christina (now Wilmington) after Queen Christina of Sweden. [6] The expedition was led, and had been instigated by Peter Minuit, the founding governor of New Netherland. Answer (1 of 7): The reason why delaware the colony was found Peter Minuit, was employ of the Dutch West India Company but then he left the Dutch, that was established in the area that would become the colony of New York. In 1651, New Netherland Governor Peter Stuyvesant had Fort Nassau dismantled and reassembled downriver of Fort Christina as Fort Casimir. The city grew from about 5,500 in 1840 to some 77,000 by 1900 and attracted immigrants from Ireland, England, and Germany. At that … Delaware Colony in the North American Middle Colonies consisted of land on the west bank of the Delaware River Bay. History of Delaware Colony In the year of 1609, before the amazing colony of Delaware was founded, an explorer named Henry Hudson discovered our incredibly beautiful river and bay. By this time the settlers living in Delaware were a very diverse group. By 1704, Delaware largely had its own government, although it shared a governor with Pennsylvania. Initially, the area was governed from New York. [citation needed] Carr translated the name of the post from Dutch into English and it has been known since as New Castle. Wilmington’s merchants and millers encouraged improvements in transportation, beginning with turnpikes into the hinterland and culminating in the establishment of a railroad connecting Wilmington with Baltimore and Philadelphia in 1838. The first European settlers in the area were Swedes, who were Lutheran Protestants, and the Dutch, who practiced Protestant Calvinism. It was not until 1629 that agents of the Dutch West India Company, Gillis Hossitt and Jacob Jansz, arrived to negotiate with the Native Americans to "purchase" land for a colony. Information and Facts with the Delaware Colony Fact File During the American Revolution, Delaware was invaded by a British army en route to Philadelphia and was constantly menaced by British ships. It was founded for trade and profits. The Delaware watershed was claimed by the English based on the explorations of John Cabot in 1497, Captain John Smith, and others, and was given the name held as a title by Thomas West, 3rd Baron De La Warr, the governor of Virginia from 1610 until 1618. Three years later, the New Sweden colony attacked and seized Fort Casimir, renaming it Fort Trinity. It was dominated by Quakers and Protestants but had no established religion. [citation needed], The first European exploration of what would become known as the Delaware Valley was made by the Dutch ship Halve Maen under the command of Henry Hudson in 1609. Penn had a difficult time governing the colony. In March 1638, the Swedish colony of New Sweden was established as the first permanent European settlement in Delaware. Colonial Delaware was included in Middle Colonies in North America. This nearly coincided with the length of the coast of modern Sussex and Kent counties in Delaware. He was succeeded by Johan Classon Risingh, the last governor of New Sweden. This page was last edited on 17 December 2020, at 02:54. Delaware becomes an English colony. The Dutch from New Amsterdam (New York) defeated the Swedes in 1655, and the English seized the colony from the Dutch in 1664. The area now known as Delaware was owned by William Penn, the Quaker owner of Pennsylvania. Hudson sailed into what now is the Delaware Bay. de Vries arrived shortly thereafter with an additional 50 settlers. The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, built by Philadelphia merchants to capture products from the Susquehanna River valley, was completed in 1826. THE COLONY OF DELAWARE By: Anna Grace Calvery 8-03 The Colony of Delaware Founded in 1638 Founded … Minuit later founded a Swedish colony in the Delaware Bay before his death in a Caribbean hurricane in 1638. The colony comprises the area located on the west back of Delaware River Bay. [4] The area's European population grew rapidly. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. In 1704 he allowed Delaware an assembly of its own. They quickly set up a trade in beaver furs with the Native Americans, who within a short time raided and destroyed the settlement after a disagreement between the two groups. Both claimed in 1908; territories formed in 1962 (British Antarctic Territory) and 1985 (South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands). In this lesson, we learned that the colony of Delaware was founded by Peter Minuit and the New Sweden Company. When Markham arrived on the western shore of the Delaware River, however, he found that the region was already inhabited by Europeans. The Delaware Railroad connected Wilmington to Seaford in western Sussex county by 1856. When the Duke of York made use of his charter on behalf of courtier William Penn, through conveyances made by the governor of New York, there was a brief conflict of interest between the Catholic, Tory and sometime Jacobite sympathizer Lord Baltimore with his friend the aforesaid Duke. Though Penn tried to unite the Delaware counties with Pennsylvania, both sides resented the union. This region of colonies was known for its religious tolerance and variety of cultures, religions, and ethnic groups. [4] The Dutch had never accepted the Swedish colony as legitimate, and the Dutch West India Company competed with the officials and backers of New Sweden. In 1664, after English Colonel Richard Nicolls captured New Amsterdam, Robert Carr was sent to the Delaware River settlements. [5] This first colony was intended to take advantage of the large whale population in the bay and to produce whale oil. 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