Marie de' Medici (French: Marie de Mdicis, Italian: Maria de' Medici; 26 April 1575 3 July 1642), was Queen of France as the second wife of King Henry IV of France, of the House of Bourbon and Regent of the Kingdom of France officially during 16101614 and de facto until 1617. Rubens thus turned to mythological allusions, emblematic references, personifications of vices and virtues and religious analogies to veil an often unheroic or ambiguous reality. Rubens also added a barking dog, a common reference used to indicate or warn someone of foreigners who came with evil intention. Spectacular displays (by Claes Corneliszoon Moeyaert) and water pageants took place in the city's harbour in celebration of her visit. An avid ballet performer and art collector, she deployed artistic patronage that helped develop the arts in France. And that wasnt all. Apollo being associated with art, Athena with wisdom, and Hermes the messenger god for a fluency and understanding of language. [64] The other two having similar design measurements, it was consigned as the middle painting in a pseudo triptych of sorts as it adorned the halls of Marie de' Medici's Palais du Luxembourg. Somehow, though, she would wait 13 long years to find a manand her relationship woes might not be for the reason youd think. Her eldest daughter Elisabeth became the Queen of Spain, while her youngest girl Henrietta Maria became the Queen of England. She is also placed compositionally in a tight and unified group with the cardinals, signifying a truthful side opposed to Mercury's dishonesty. Symbols and allegory appear throughout the painting. Henry's army casts the rebels out of Paris by throwing them over a bridge into the river below. Above in the tribune appears Henry IV, as if to give sanction to the event. "[119], An important sketch from the collection is the so-called Reconciliation of King Henry III and Henry of Navarre a significant event for Henry IV's ascent to the throne. [24], Originally the viewer would have entered the gallery from the southeast corner. Add a one-line explanation of what this file represents. C.W. With both beauty and big bucks, Europes most influential suitors considered Marie de Medici the top prize they could win, and she entertained courtships from multiple dukes around her area as a teenager. This painting of classical gods, along with allegorical personifications, aptly shows the viewer how fundamental this idea was.[43]. WebMarie believed that after bearing a son, she "would begin to be a queen". Catherine of Aragon is now infamous as King Henry VIIIs rejected queenbut few people know her even darker history. Direct link to Harriet Buchanan's post When a European king need, Posted 8 years ago. 27. In the work, Truth gestures toward the Queen while Time looks toward her from below. However, a few weeks later, Henrietta d'Entragues also produced a son, and Henry not only made just as much fuss over this son but declared that he was better-looking, not fat and dark like Louis and the Medici. While Marie gazes adoringly at her son, Fecundity presses the cornucopia to her arm, representing the complete and bountiful family to come. Like any classic intruding mother, Marie used her time in exile not to reflect on the error of her ways, but instead to collect other family members around her and pretend nothing was wrong. Consorts to debatable or disputed rulers are in, sfn error: no target: CITEREFDelorme2003 (. Louis Beroud - Salle Ruben musee du Louvre 1904.jpg 1,500 1,002; 272 KB. [82], The remaining three paintings are portraits of Marie de' Medici, her father Francesco I and her mother Johanna of Austria. The wall opposite the gallery's entrance presents an image of the assassination and assumption of Henry IV, as well as the proclamation of the widowed Marie's regency. She gently touches Henrys shoulder and whispers in his ear, assuring him that a match with the Medici princess is indeed good for the kingdom. I tried to get my ex-wife served with divorce papers. People in the know also claimed that he was deeply in debt to the House of Medici in particular, and marrying into the family would turn his ledger into a blank slate. Twenty-one of the paintings depict Marie's own struggles and triumphs in life. [70] All these and more, combine to make a persuasive argument and show a certain artistically respectful nod from Rubens to Caravaggio as two contemporaries of the time. [48] The scene takes place below a marble statue, which depicts God the Father mourning over the dead body of Christ, alluding to the Pieta sculpture by Baccio Bandinelli (14931560). On the left, Jupiter and Saturn are shown welcoming the assassinated King of France, as he ascends as a personified Roman sovereign, victoriously to Olympus. Wikipedia. In addition, her stepmother brought a female companion to the Palazzo Pitti for Maria, a young girl named Dianora Dori, who would be renamed Leonora. This series (composed between 16221625), along with three individual portraits made for Marie and her family, is now known as the "Marie de' Medici cycle" (currently displayed in the Louvre Museum); the cycle uses iconography throughout to depict Henry IV and Marie as Jupiter and Juno and the French state as a female warrior. WebMedici Quotes Quotes tagged as "medici" Showing 1-7 of 7 The truth is, not one of is innocent. The figure adjusting the sail is thought to be Prudence or Temperance. WebIf Marie de Medici wasnt the most obedient wife, she wasnt the most caring mother, either. - Cleugh; Interests Unfortunately, it was far too late. [36] Though Marie was born under the Taurus sign, Sagittarius appears in the painting; it may be seen as a guardian of imperial power. As the years passed and she saw how much sway Richelieu held over her son, a jealous Marie tried desperately to have him exiled. It is the weed called envy . Not only did his mistress have a funny habit of getting pregnant at the exact same time as Marie, Henriette began to claim that since Henry had promised to marry her, it was their children who were legitimate, while Maries were usurpers. On 17 December, the Papal legate finally arrived, and gave his blessing to the religious wedding ceremony at the Cathedral of Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Lyon.[11]. Millen & Wolf pp.220-221. Do you question the accuracy of a fact you just read? There is alot of information on the King, Marie de medici, the whole family. [33] The last panel of the cycle, in accordance with this theme, illustrates Queen Marie rising up to her place as queen of heaven, having achieved her lifelong goal of immortality through eternal fame. The Duke of Nevers then took the leadership of the nobility in revolt against the Queen. Later interpretations suggested, however, that Rubens used Juno to represent Marie de' Medici's alter ego, or avatar, throughout the cycle. Sadly, Henrys breathtaking acts of cruelty knew no bounds. [46] The couple were married by proxy on 5 October 1600. His willingness to fit his ideas with those of the patron equipped him with the perfect tools to be in charge of such a delicate and heavily anticipated subject. The commissioned artist being active in an opposing political parties was cause for Richelieu to object. This, along with its setting makes it difficult to figure out the subject matter of the work. The celebrations were attended by 4,000 guests with lavish entertainment, including examples of the newly invented musical genre of opera, such as Jacopo Peri's Euridice. [34], Early interpretations explained Juno's presence in the scene through her identity as the goddess of childbirth. )", Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich, Thiroux d'Arconville, Marie-Genevive-Charlotte, Rubens cycle of paintings apotheosizing Marie de Medici, Life of Marie dei Mdicis. [125] The Battle of Ivry on the East Wall of the gallery is a scene of Henry's most decisive battle to unify the city of Paris. Marie de' Medici (French: Marie de Mdicis, Italian: Maria de' Medici; 26 April 1575 3 July 1642) was Queen of France and Navarre as the second wife of King Henry IV. She hatched an ingenious and dangerous plan. The royal entourage includes the Dauphin, the Prince of Conti with the crown, the Duke of Ventadour with the scepter, and the Chevalier de Vendme with the hand of Justice. So in 1621, he invited her back to court in a undeniable victory for nagging mothers everywhere. Before joining the team, she worked as a course lecturer while completing her Ph.D. in English Literature. The visit prompted Caspar Barlaeus to write his Medicea hospes ("The Medicean Guest", 1638). Power Deferred In 1559, her eldest son, Francis II, came to the throne at just 15 years old. One of these strategies was to personify Marie as Juno or Minerva. Cupids arrow has hit its mark; the king is smitten. Within this context Rubens' approach to 'historical truth' may appear selective or, worse, dishonest, but he was neither a historian in the modern sense, nor a journalist; the Medici cycle is not reportage, but rather poetic transformation. Though this particular painting is one of the most straightforward in the series, there is still some minor dispute about its significance. Catherine reminds Mary that her crown is powerful. Gortner, The Confessions of Catherine de Medici tags: innocence , medici 41 likes Like Love is a treacherous emotion. I knew that she was going to take it badly, but I had no idea about the insane lengths she would go to just to get revenge and mess with my life. [68] It should be kept in mind that Rubens's energetic manner of placing all these allegorical themes is substantially resultant from classical coins as documented through communication with his friend and notable collector of antiquities, Nicolas-Claude Fabri de Peiresc. No, she wanted the whole darn throne again, and she made no bones about it. And if Mary gives up her crown, she looses all of her power. Both figures ignore the King. Her body was brought back to the Basilica of St Denis and buried without much ceremony on 8 March 1643, and her heart was sent to La Flche, in accordance with the wish of Henry IV who wanted their two hearts to be reunited. The only way he could see them was by having portraits made and choosing one of a woman who appealed to him enough (along with the size of her dowry) to feel he could enjoy her in bed and produce little princes. In one of his letters the artist describes the theme as "so large and magnificent that it would suffice for ten galleries". Marie, meanwhile, basked in the glow of success and looked forward to an official coronation now that she had done her duty. After the "Day of the Dupes" (Journe des Dupes) of 1011 November 1630, Richelieu remained the principal minister, and the Queen Mother was constrained to be reconciled with him. By representing Marie as Juno, implying Henry as Jupiter, the king is seen domesticated by marriage. The mythological figures include Apollo and Pallas, who combat and overcome vices such as Discord, Hate, Fury, and Envy on the ground and Neptune, Pluto, Saturn, Hermes, Pan, Flora, Hebe, Pomono, Venus, Mars, Zeus, Hera, Cupid, and Diana above. Playing the tough love card, he forced her into refuge with his enemies in Spanish territories, thereby stripping her of her title of Queen Mother along with any pensions. Madame de Pompadour was the alluring chief mistress of King Louis XV, but few people know her dark historyor the chilling secret shared by her and Louis. [60], The Coronation in Saint-Denis is the last scene on the North End of the West Wall, showing the completion of Marie's divinely assisted preparation. It reads, I believe I wrote you that a picture was removed which depicted the Queen's departure from Paris and that, in its place, I did an entirely new one which shows the flowing of the Kingdom of France, with the revival of the sciences and the arts through the liberality and the splendour of Her Majesty, who sits upon a shining throne and holds a scale in her hands, keeping the world in equilibrium by her prudence and equity. [106] With the removal of the scales she carried in an earlier sketch that would have connected her to Louis XII, we are left with an entity who with no help from Louis, slays the adversary as he appears oblivious and unconcerned. The Queen accepts an orb, a symbol of government, from the personification of France while the people kneel before her and this scene is a great example of the exaggeration of facts in the cycle. A young woman in a bejeweled dress with a stiff lace collar gazes confidently out of a simply-framed, bust-length portrait placed at the very center of a large canvas. C.W. It has been suggested that the allegorical nature of the work would have made Maries usurpation of this and other masculine roles palatable. Spain with a recognizable symbol of a lion on her helmet is on the left, whereas France, with fleur-de-lis decorating her drapery, is on the right. Over the years, she did not notice the rising power of her protg; when she realized it, she broke with the Cardinal and sought to oust him. [78] The eagle in the sky compels the weaker birds to flee. Those who attended the ceremony for Marie include Grand Duchess Cristina of Tuscany and Marie's sister Eleonora, Duchess of Mantua; and in entourage of Grand Duke are Roger de Bellegarde, Grand Esquire of France, and the Marquis de Sillery, who negotiated the marriage. She was a descendant of the great and wealthy House of Medici.. Indeed, she considered it a mercy when she decided to beat him only just enough to not cause any illness. To further consolidate her authority as Regent of the Kingdom of France, Marie decided to impose the strict protocol from the court of Spain. In fact, due to the king's other engagements their introduction was delayed, and it was not until midnight nearly a week after Marie arrived that Henry finally joined his bride. Marie commissioned paintings that truthfully followed the events of her life, and it was the job of Rubens to tactfully convey these images. The pairing of Marie with the figure of Force gives power to the image of the queen, while Marie's actual pose is more passive, showing very effectively her graceful acknowledgement of her son's authority henceforth. [115] This picture represents how time thus uncovers the truth in correspondence to the relationship between Marie and her son. Cupid and King Henry discussing the portrait of Marie de Medici (detail), Peter Paul Rubens. But her most extravagant move was just around the corner. The two ominous figures behind Henry III most likely represent personifications of Fraud and Discord. The crowd below in the basilica raise their hands in acclamation of the new Queen, and above, the classical personifications of Abundantia and a winged Victoria shower the blessings of peace and prosperity upon the head of Marie by pouring the golden coins of Jupiter. In a patriarchal society, that would not be wise of the young monarch to give up her political power. She is shown wearing a gown of silver cloth with gold embroidery and wears nothing that suggests her esteemed background. Little Marie was baptized in blood. [116] The two portraits are stylistically very different, and even out of place, from the rest of the paintings in the gallery. WebBrowse 450 marie de medici stock photos and images available, or search for louis xiv to find more great stock photos and pictures. Henry was going away to battle, and he selfishly needed his wife to hold more official clout while he was gone. Accordingly, Marie would outright reject suitors in the blink of an eyeuntil, that is, she met her match at last. The Renaissance painter Jacopo Ligozzi actually taught her drawing, turning the girl into a talented illustrator. The lower half of the painting is dominated by imagery of Lyons. Henry's action and setting (the buildings and a triumphal arch) were not really possible in Paris at this time, reassuring that the scene is not based on historical fact, but a classical metaphor and Henry's goal of remaining King of France. Marie took her sons forgiveness as an opportunity to gain further influence at courtand to be fair, she was darn good at it. One of the pieces in her hand is the Queen's treasured strand of pearls. WebLorenzo de' Medici "Youth is sweet and well, But doth speed away!, Let who will be gay, Tomorrow none can tell" Lorenzo de' Medici "Desire matched what nature's will decreed: It did not spurn but relished what it had" Lorenzo de' Medici "The more she is denied to him, the more desire inflames and stings his smitten heart" Lorenzo de' Medici .mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 40px}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;padding-left:1.6em;margin-top:0}, Marie de' Medici, all of whose actions were prejudicial to France, has escaped the shame which ought to cover her name. However, despite our best efforts, we sometimes miss the mark. These spats were disruptive, but there were other things going on in the broken home. These characteristics are known to be that of Piety or Religion, both of which Maria would want her son to embody. 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